In contrast, poison sumac has smooth leaves and hairless stems. If you suspect your dog has eaten a poisonous plant, contact your regular veterinarian, your local emergency vet, or the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center at 888-426-4435. . .jnaut63c8608a7197d { From our perspective, poison ivy, oak and sumac are nuisance plants that can adversely affect our pets and us, but they are important for wildlife. Poisonous plants contain toxic compounds that can injure animals. The plant is covered with small hairs that contain a poisonous oil. It is a venomous plant native to the eastern United States and Canada. You should carefully plan your hikes to avoid poison oak areas, and you should also avoid areas where you see it. Pet Insurance provides coverage for many common pet health problems. If this is an emergency see the Poison Control Center contact information at the bottom of the page. If they begin to show signs of breathing problems, they should be seen by an emergency veterinarian as soon as possible. They look somewhat like ash leaves. A poison sumac rash usually appears between 8 and 48 hours after being exposed, but it can go on for weeks. What Size Dog House Is Right For Your Pet? The itchy skin can last up to three weeks, and the treatment can cause a lot of itching. However, the rash can get worse if it becomes infected. In the surrounding area, there is little chance of getting exposed to the sun over the course of the year. The fungus that causes verticillium wilt does attack African sumacs. If your dog appears to have ingested poison ivy, the best course of action is to consult a veterinarian. Is sumac poisonous to animals? They Grow Everywhere Even slight contact, like brushing up against the leaves, can leave the oil behind. display: block; When it comes into contact with this toxin, it has no dissolvents and thus cannot be washed away. The most commonly consumed form is a berry tea or sumac-ade, which contains acidic and tart berries that can be eaten raw or dried. This plant has the ability to poison humans. All parts of the African sumac tree are poisonous to dogs including the leaves stems flowers and berries. When picking poison ivy off your dog, avoid using your fingers because they can be painful. Symptoms of a poison sumac rash appear 8-48 hours after exposure and can last for weeks. Sumac clusters are called drupes. If you want to get poison oak oil off of your dog, you can use Dawn dish soap. Wear rubber gloves and give your pet a bath using plenty of soap. Tree of Heaven (Ailanthus altissima) Also called shumac, stinking sumac, Chinese sumac, and ailanthus, it was introduced by a Pennsylvania gardener in 1748 and was made available commercially by 1840. When served hot or cold, serve it with maple sugar, which gives it its sweetness. } 30 Common Australian Plants Toxic to Dogs. The fungus, Verticillium dahliae, remains in the soil for years until a plant that is susceptible to it is planted. It is not possible to treat the rash without first experiencing symptoms; you will have to wait for the symptoms to subside. If you suspect your dog has come into contact with this plant and has developed toxic symptoms, bring a piece of the plant with you to your veterinarian. If you believe your dog has come into contact with poison oak, it is important to seek veterinary care immediately. They are just easy to find. Eating the leaves can result in vomiting, diarrhea, and gastrointestinal injury due to the plant's spiny leaves. Its possible that your pet will vomit or have diarrhea, but this is the most likely scenario. display: block; The fungus Phymatotrichopsis omnivora, which is found in the soil, is the cause of this condition. If there is a rash, your veterinarian may prescribe a medication in cream or ointment form that you can apply on a regular basis. Poison sumac is a small slender tree, or multi-stemmed shrub, with grey bark and large compound leaves with 7-13 leaflets. Symptoms include vomiting diarrhea and tremors. If you think you have come in contact with poison sumac, you should wash the affected area with soap and water and call your doctor. To avoid getting sidewalks or your vehicles messy, consider getting a male African sumac or choose another tree. But staghorn sumac is not poisonous. Answer: Yes you should take your dog to the vet immediately if they ingest any part of the african sumac tree. You should know about the disadvantages of African sumacs before you consider planting one. Note that poison ivy, oak, and sumac are not toxic to dogs and cats if eaten. Prune just after the plants finish flowering in late summer. While very common, staghorn sumac isnt dangerous to most people. This rash is usually accompanied by a red, itchy, and blister-like appearance, and it lasts for a few hours. Poison sumac has red stems. What tree leaves are poisonous to dogs? Eastern North Americas poison and staghorn sumacs are deciduous shrub species that are native to this region. When you come into contact with a plant or if you have a rash on your skin, you can develop blisters. What is the difference between poison sumac and staghorn sumac? The dried fruits are used in spices, the leaves and bark have been used in the leather tanning process, and various dyes can be made from different parts of the plant. Staghorn sumac is a large treelike shrub native to the eastern edge of Minnesota, Wisconsin and much of southeastern Canada. You could be out of commission for up to three weeks after getting the rash. If poison sumacs are found in their typical wetland habitat, they can grow to be quite large. Its also possible to mistake it for staghorn sumac, which has fuzzy fruit and stems, as well as smooth sumac, which has smooth stems and looks like poison sumac. Fortunately, dogs are surprisingly resistant to poison ivy. While very common, staghorn sumac isn't dangerous to most people. Another native plant that people love to hate is the staghorn sumac (Rhus typhina). Also known as Tanners sumac or Sicilian sumac, this species has a number of historical practical uses. Height - 16 feet (5 m) Exposure - full sun Soil - ordinary. Over the years, plenty of plants have been naturalised and imported from around the world. If your dog eats poison ivy, the first thing you should do is call your veterinarian. Sumac has upright fruit clusters, usually red and covered in a velvet fuzz. Note that poison ivy, oak, and sumac are not toxic to dogs and cats if eaten. 2 Many birds, including quail, treat the berries as an emergency food source in winter. If your dog comes into contact with poison oak, it is best to remove it as soon as possible. The three most common poison oak and poison ivy enemies in this regard are poison oak and poison ivy. } It can reach up to 20 feet tall with long branches sweeping downward in tree form. All parts of a poison sumac plant are poisonous and the oils remain active even after the plant dies. Symptoms of poison sumac exposure in dogs can include itching, redness, swelling, and blistering of the skin. Depending on the part of the world you live in and where you and your dog like to hike , it's possible to be exposed to several plants, all of . Poinsettia . If you suspect your dog has become ill from poison ivy, you should take them to the veterinarian right away. This oil can also be found in poison oak and poison sumac, both of which contain it. Symptoms of Wandering Jew Poisoning in Cats# According to the ASPCA, which has a wonderful list of toxic and non-toxic plants, the most obvious symptom your cat (or dog) has been affected by wandering jew plants is a dermatitis-like skin irritation developing. There are some symptoms similar to those in humans, with an itchy rash appearing at the point of contact. The leaves of this plant have clusters of white or light-green berries that sag downward on its branches, whereas the red berries of harmless sumac sit upright. Poison sumac symptoms include itching, redness, and swelling of the skin. When a dog comes into contact with sumac, it can cause a rash. Calamine lotion, oatmeal baths, Tecnu, Zanfel, and aluminum acetate (Domeboro solution) are just a few of the topical treatments available. If you have a rash, avoid exposure to the plants oil and water. But they are not necessarily native to Australia. Larger dogs may only experience minor upset stomachs if they consume the same amount of food. Only humans suffer an allergic response -- urushiol does not affect wild animals and pets. If your pet exhibits more severe symptoms or if you suspect they are allergic, you should get them to the veterinarian as soon as possible. Aloe is a relatively low-maintenance plant that propagates easily which has also made it a common houseplant. Poisonous substances can cause vomiting, diarrhea, agitation, and heart problems. Recognizing poisonous plants and properly managing animals and pastures will help minimize the potential of poisoning animals. There is no one definitive answer to this question as the treatment for poison sumac in dogs will vary depending on the severity of the dogs reaction. Because poison sumac berries contain poisonous toxins, they can harm anyone. Hairless animals may be more prone to allergic reactions. These poisonous parts can cause several health issues or even death. Answer: If your dog eats african sumac take them to the vet immediately. Native to southern Africa; very drought tolerant once established. } Consider this if you want to use this tree as a wind break. Unless you are growing an African sumac in the southern California desert, Texas root rot should not be a problem, because the fungus does not appear to reach northern areas, notes New Mexico State University. Fruit Drop The spot where you want to plant a tree will make a difference. Although poisonous sumac is a shrub, many people refer to it as a small tree. Note that poison ivy, oak, and sumac are not toxic to dogs and cats if eaten. Interestingly, poison ivy, oak, and sumac are non-toxic to dogs. The helpful staff will . If this chemical comes into contact with the skin, it can cause a severe allergic reaction. Poison sumac berries are flattish, waxy and grow separately, while the red berries of staghorn sumac are fused together. . African sumac trees have a thick, lush canopy, which is good for a shade tree. Some people may be seriously allergic to certain plants, such as peanuts or strawberries, while others can consume large quantities without harm. Hydrocortisone can also be used to treat itching and other allergy symptoms in addition to antihistamine medications such as Benadryl. Brush against it and the skin gets itchy, red and blistered. Poisonous Plants 1. Its fine textured foliage varies from pale green to deep olive-green and has a resinous smell when crushed. Flowers Toxic to dogs that are commonly used in flower arrangements; Flowers and Plants that are toxic to dogs organized by symptoms; Flowers that are not toxic to dogs and are commonly used in flower arrangements. Poison sumac is a common find in moist or flooded soils. Some plants that poisonous to goats are oleander, wild cherry, and lilacs. Are african sumac trees poisonous to dogs? } Technically, dogs can be affected by poison ivy, but it's uncommon. While this isn't as common as . The most obvious difference is that poison sumac has white berries, not red berries. Are African Sumac Trees Poisonous To Dogs. It is not common for poison oak plant oil to penetrate the skin because the oil typically remains on the surface. Autumns leaves are brilliant red in the fall, when they are green in the spring and summer. What should I do if my dog eats african sumac? Most sumac shrubs are quite harmless (nonpoisonous) and potentially desirable landscaping elements, which is another reason why you should identify poison sumac properly. There is some debate over whether sumac is poisonous to touch, as some say that the sap can cause skin irritation, while others maintain that it is perfectly safe. If you suspect your dog has ingested any part of an African sumac tree seek veterinary care immediately. A mild toxin is usually not harmful to health. Poison sumac is toxic thanks to the compound called urushiol, which is found in all parts of the plant. As the stems age, their color dulls, and they look similar to the brown-gray bark around the main stem of the shrub. My dog ate a leaf from an african sumac tree. The rash is caused by a reaction of your body to the plants poison. This means that the entire tree is not poisonous, but you still can't have it because of its toxicity. Poison sumac is a plant that grows in wet areas, such as swamps. What are the symptoms? Poison oak is poisonous to dogs, but how can you prevent your dog from becoming poisoned oak? Eczema relief can be obtained through the use of Calamine lotion, hydrocortisone, and Benadryl. Foliage - deciduous Flowering - June to August. Poison sumac is a shrub or small tree differentiated from the common sumac, staghorn sumac (Rhus typhina) growing along U.S. highways and roads in USDA zones 4 through 8, by its leaves and berries. Water alone will not remove urushiol oil from your pet's fur. The flowers of the tree are edible (for people) and . Oak and sumac are both poisonous plants, as well as poison ivy and oak sap. There are many poisonous plants that are commonly found in North America. Poison ivy can actually appear as a plant, a vine, or even a shrub or small tree. Im Dolev, a passionate dog trainer and expert. African sumacs produce these fruits in the fall. @media screen and (min-width: 993px) and (max-width: 1200px) { If your dog consumes a lot of the plant, it may develop a more severe case of diarrhea and vomiting. } If your dog is getting too much juniper berries, it can be unhealthy to its body. If you suspect your dog is ill, he will most likely have symptoms based on his size and how much he ate. A dog's coat may act as a barrier to protect the skin from urushiol, the irritating oil/sap found in poison ivy. What plants are poisonous to goats? African sumac, which is actually the same genus as poison oak, is considered poisonous; it may cause milder but similar symptoms to those allergic to it. .dcdgk63c8608a717f0 { Its forked branches are covered with furry rust-red colored hairs, much like a stag's antlers. Poison sumac (Toxicodendron vernix) inhabits swamps and other wet areas as well as pinewoods and hardwood forests. A poison ivy rash usually causes an itchy rash on the top of three different leaves of the plant. Other species that share common ancestors, like poison sumac (Toxicodendron vernix, formerly Rhus vernix) and the Chinese lacquer tree (Toxicodendron vernicifluum, formerly Rhus vernicifera) are very poisonous for most humans and pets. Symptoms of a poison sumac rash appear 8-48 hours after exposure and can last for weeks. Unfortunately, some of these plants are toxic to livestock. All of these plants contain urushiol, an oil that absorbs rapidly into the skin, causing an allergic reaction in 12 to 48 hours in susceptible individuals. The African sumac, for instance, usually is a tall tree that can grow to as high as 25 feet, usually living 50 to 100 years. This plant is part of the top 20 edible wild plants of Northern America. Staghorn sumac has seven to nine leaflets per stem, while poison sumac has seven to 13 leaflets per stem. Are Sumac Trees Poisonous. Others contain substances that reduce . Poison sumac is a shrub or small tree differentiated from the common sumac, staghorn sumac (Rhus typhina) growing along U.S. highways and roads in USDA zones 4 through 8, by its leaves. I'm Normandi, a passionate gardener and botanic expert with over 15 years of experience in the field. What does an African sumac tree look like? Ask Pet Guru is a free website designed to assist you with making an informed decision regarding your dog. You can get poison sumac rashes for 2 to 5 weeks, and they range in severity. } 5. The African sumac is a poor choice for planting next to a sidewalk or driveway, if you plant a female tree. During the winter, you can tell the difference between the leaves and twigs of different plants. How can I prevent my dog from eating african sumac? Their fur protects their skin from contact with the oils, and some animals can even eat the plant without suffering ill effects. Is it possible that poison sumac can harm dogs? If your dog has swallowed poison sumac, bathe him in oatmeal-based dog shampoo right away. The leaves are alternate and have a height and width of about 3 inches and 1 inch, respectively. However, pets that brush up against poison sumac or other urushiol-containing plants and get the sap on their fur can give people an allergic reaction. Poison Sumac: The poison sumac plant can result in severe dermatitis (irritation) or skin blistering if it comes in direct contact with dog skin. For herbivores, such as horses and rabbits, eating large amounts can cause stomach cramps. Cons of African Sumac Trees. Tree of heaven looks like black walnut or staghorn sumac, both common trees in Michigan. Is the tree of heaven poisonous to dogs? The urushiol oil is released into your skin when you come into contact with any part of the plant. Poison sumac grows in wet, swampy and heavily wooded areas, whereas the native staghorn sumac grows in dry regions, often in poor soil where other plants don't survive. Sumacs are identified by their fern-like pinnate leaves, conical clusters (panicles) of white or green flowers, and fuzzy red berries. When it comes to poison sumac, there are few places where it can grow in a residential yard. Both poison oak and poison ivy contain the toxin urushiol, which causes allergy symptoms. The most common way to develop poison ivy, oak, or sumac rash is to come into contact with the plants leaves, stems, roots, or flowers. Common Poisonous Plants. A dogs rash can appear to be similar to that of a human, but thick hair typically protects the skin. Nightshade Plants: Toxic Parts And Medicinal Uses, Defending Against Predators: The Adaptive Strategies Of Cacti, A Journey Through The Unique World Of Cacti: Exploring The Physical And Symbolic Meaning Of These Versatile Plants, Bring A Dramatic Touch To Your Collection: Get Started With A Cactuslong Spike Flat Cactus, Explore The Benefits And Risks Of Eating Cactus Flowers, How To Lower Humidity For Cacti: Types Levels And Tips. The taste is said to be sour and much like lemon. Non-poisonous sumac, in contrast, has red berries that grow in an upright, conical shape. display: block; Some people are more sensitive to the plants and will have harsher symptoms. If you get poison sumac, your rash will appear to be streaky patches of red blisters. All parts of poison sumac -- stems, leaves and roots -- contain urushiol. If your dog eats poison oak, he may experience some mild upset stomach symptoms. Stick to the sidewalk if you have a very severe poison oak allergy. The dried fruits are used in spices, the leaves and bark have been used in the leather tanning process, and various dyes can be made from different parts of the plant. Photo Credit: Pxhere. display: block; The plant produces a white fruit that is poisonous to humans. Its leaves also have saw-toothed edges,. . However, some general tips for treating poison sumac in dogs include bathing the dog in cool water to help relieve itching, applying a topical corticosteroid to reduce inflammation, and giving the dog oral antihistamines to help with itching and swelling. } Look for a 5 to 20 ft (1.5 to 6.1 m) shrub or tree. Poison sumac has a higher pollen count than poison oak and poison ivy. The plant gets its name from the fact that it can cause a severe allergic reaction in some people. As a shrub, poison sumac can be identified by the leaves and vines. The leaves of the sumac have 7 to 13 leaflets in pairs with a single leaflet at the end of the twig (see image 3). As many as 50 million Americans are affected by this common allergy each year, according to the National Center for Health Statistics. There is an allergy to urushiol, which causes a rash in most humans. } Should I be worried? Also known as: poison hemlock, spotted hemlockID: A multistemmed perennial weed with toothed, fernlike leaves and clusters of small white flowers. It is not harmful to your pet, and it may only cause minor stomach irritation. If you inhale the fumes of burning sumac, you risk dying, and if you consume the plant, you may develop painful sores in your stomach. When their skin begins to show signs of rashes, apply oatmeal-based shampoo to help it heal. A rash from poison ivy, oak, or sumac looks like patches or streaks of red, raised blisters. Even if the rash isnt contagious, you may still catch a cold if you pick up the oil from your clothes, dog, or backpack. Certain animals may be more allergic and will show symptoms similar to human symptoms. Not everyone would consider the lack of eye-catching blooms to be a disadvantage, but if you would like a tree that sports colorful flowers each year, the African sumac is not for you. The leaves are often held upward and appear somewhat stiff. There are approximately 250 different types of sumac found in all of the worlds continents, and their simple, adaptable nature is what makes them so fascinating. Many pastures grazed by cattle, sheep and goats contain potentially toxic plants.Toxic plants The oozing blisters don't spread the rash because they don't contain urushiol. If your dog does get poison oak, washing his or her skin with soap and water will help to remove the oil and prevent further exposure. If your dog exhibits any of these symptoms, it is best to consult a veterinarian as soon as possible. The poison sumac produces streaky red blisters that resemble blisters. The most widespread sumac staghorn sumac is non-poisonous. Understanding Red Leaves On Your Christmas Cactus And How To Treat Them, How To Spell Saguaro Cactus A Guide To The Majestic Desert Plant, Growing Cacti Faster With Sky Factory 4: An Overview Of Tips And Techniques, Caring For A Dog Tail Cactus A Rewarding Experience, How To Safely Pick A Prickly Pear Cactus: Benefits Techniques And Tips, Discover The Nutritional Benefits Of A Cactus Blossom: Calories Vitamins & Minerals. Its a good idea to double-check that you know what it is before planting it in one of the few places where it can grow. This plant requires special attention and the ability to identify it in order to avoid it. Continue to 5 of 9 below. While some poison tree varieties look more like shrubs, poison sumac looks fairly sparse. Instead of diluting it with water, as is usually done with glyphosate on grasses and broadleaf weeds, poison sumac should be applied at nearly full strength. Buttercups ( Ranunculus) contain juices that can severely irritate or even damage a dog's digestive system. What are the possible side effects of smoking? Typically, they are around 4 to 5 millimetres (0.16 to 0.20 in) in size. This shrub is the same as the edible sumac, but the culinary variety is much easier to identify because of its vibrant red berries. Aloe Believe it or not, this healing medicinal plant can be dangerous to your dog. If you have a dog, you are more likely to come into contact with poison ivy. African sumac trees are susceptible to Texas root rot, also known as cotton root rot or phymatotrichopsis root rot. .dcdgk63c8608a717f0 { Are African sumac trees poisonous? Also, each stem on the poison sumac plant has a cluster of leaflets with smooth edges, while harmless sumac leaves have jagged edges. The poison sumac plant (Toxicodendron vernix) is the most dangerous, as it can cause severe skin irritation and allergic reactions. Most toxic garden plants, such as granny's bonnet, bluebells and hellebores, need to be eaten in such huge . The poison sumac is relatively uncommon in New York, but it is found everywhere. Different plants present different signs of illness. Colorado has all three, which are often hard to recognize because they tend to be interspersed among other types of plants. It is amazing to realize that urushiol can remain allergenic on clothing for up to ten years. Staghorn sumac, also called vinegar sumac, is a short tree that grows in a roundish shape.. It is caused by the use of the poison sumac oil, which contains Urushiol, and is known as contact dermatitis. Can you eat them? display: block; If your dog is a constant nibbler, then you should avoid planting trees poisonous to dogs or plan on keeping your dog away from these trees. OK - not that you would purposely grow these, but good to know it won't hurt your dog to get into . 2? Urushiol is the compound that causes a rash in all parts of sumac. My dog ate a leaf from an african sumac tree. There could be fluid-filled blisters and a red rash on the skin. Name - Rhus typhina Family - Anacardiaceae Type - shrub. It's found very appealing for its fuzzy red fruit clusters, but sometimes becomes . Clematis (dog poisonous plants that result in gastrointestinal tract problems, nervous system issues. It is a dangerous plant, but it is not usually fatal. Non-poisonous relatives of poison sumac do not have red stems. How do you keep sumac trees from spreading? Ureushiol, as the name implies, causes rashes in the same way as other rashes-causing agents. All sumacs are non-toxic and safe for humans to eat. Signs of toxicity can range from as mild as brief indigestion to as severe as sudden death. If you have an allergy to poison ivy, poison oak, or poison sumac, you will most likely develop a rash after coming into contact with them. They are particularly distinguished in autumn by their vibrant fall foliage, which attracts a lot of attention. It is best to use gloves to clean your pets tools and bathe him or her while wearing them. Cool compresses can be applied to help with itching. Staghorn sumac has bright orange or red berries growing at the edge of its stems. If you think your dog has ingested the tree take them to the vet immediately. The stems of poison sumac are reddish in color and have rows of symmetrical leaves. Some of these plants include poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac. Poison sumac, like poison ivy, contains the allergenic oil urushiol in its sap. .dcdgk63c8608a717f0 { Poison ivy, oak, and sumac do not pose a threat to cats or dogs if consumed. Plants Poisonous to Dogs with Mild Effects While many plants can result in mild toxicity, these are some of the most common: Ivy, poinsettia, tansy, nettle, wisteria (seeds/pods), and iris can all result in mild to severe digestive upset. } As a result, cooling compresses and topical treatments such as calamine lotion, oatmeal baths, Tecnu, Zanfel, or aluminum acetate (Domeboro solution) can alleviate the itching. When these blisters pop, they can further spread the rash and can lead to bacterial or fungal infections. In low, wet, or flooded areas, the plants are the only ones that grow. In many parts of the country, poison sumac can be found as a common weed. If fact, it is rich in its contributions to the environment. Each category is further organized alphabetically by family and by species within each family. But this is not a perfect tree. Department of Animal Science - Plants Poisonous to Livestock. The broad-spectrum herbicide glyphosate is effective at killing poison sumac. What kind of tree does poison sumac come from? When the oil is bruised or damaged, it releases an oil. The poison sumac plant (Toxicodendron vernix) is the most dangerous, as it can cause severe skin irritation and allergic reactions. Staghorn sumac (Rhus typhina) is a small tree with branches that spread to make a small rounded crown. Plant oils, on the other hand, should be removed from the coat of the pet in order to avoid infecting humans. Many common garden plants, such as apples and tulips, have some toxic elements that could prove dangerous to your dog. Eradicating sumac through mechanical means requires chopping or mulching trees down as close to ground level as possible, removing saplings by hand, and mowing any root sprouts that break the surface. However, the plant oils should be removed from the pet's coat to avoid transmission to humans in the home. Quick Answer: Are African Sumac Trees Poisonous To Dogs. Prune off new sumac growth with clippers or loppers when it moves beyond the space you allot it in the garden. Poison sumac typically grows into a shrub or tree about 5-20 ft (1.5-6 m) in height, but may occasionally grow even taller. Before your pet can use the items again, rinsed and dried pet items should be rinsed and dried. Ive been working with dogs since I was a child and have been dedicated to helping them learn and grow ever since. Black walnut (Juglans nigra) can poison horses, dogs and perhaps other species. Terrapin Sumac is the official name for Rhus typhina, whereas Toxicodendron vernix is the official name for poison sumac. Poison sumac has clusters of white or light-green berries that sag downward on its branches, while the red berries of harmless sumac sit upright. Poison sumac is often confused with its non-poisonous cousin, the staghorn sumac. They start to decay very quickly and produce mold, so when a. Even if the urushiol oil on your clothing, dog, or backpack does not cause a rash, you may still get one. Humans are more likely than dogs to experience poisonous plant reactions because dogs are more protected from the harmful oils of these plants. Oddly Shaped Berries Although toxic to the touch for humans, poison sumac berries are not toxic to birds. Based in Connecticut, Marie-Luise Blue writes a local gardening column and has been published in "Organic Gardening" and "Back Home." 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